Retrofitting and Structural Analysis of Structures: A Comprehensive Review

Abstract

Retrofitting has become an essential strategy for extending the service life and enhancing the resilience of existing structures against increasing functional demands, natural hazards, and material deterioration. This review synthesizes advancements in retrofitting techniques alongside the role of structural analysis in evaluating and improving the performance of buildings and infrastructure. Various approaches—including fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) strengthening, jacketing, base isolation, and use of advanced composite materials—are examined in terms of their effectiveness, cost-efficiency, and adaptability to different structural systems. The integration of modern computational tools, such as finite element modeling and performance-based analysis, has further enabled accurate prediction of structural behavior before and after retrofitting interventions. Special attention is given to comparative studies that highlight the synergy between experimental results and analytical models in optimizing retrofit solutions. Limitations such as implementation challenges, variability in design codes, and long-term performance uncertainties are also discussed. The review concludes by identifying future research directions in sustainable retrofitting materials, smart monitoring systems, and resilience-based design strategies, which collectively contribute to safer and more durable built environments.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.24321/2456.9925.202506